21
Feb
An oil-immersed transformer is a power transformer that utilizes specialized insulating oil as both a cooling and insulating medium. Its core components include a laminated silicon steel core, windings (primary and secondary coils), and a tank filled with dielectric oil. The oil serves dual purposes: it dissipates heat generated during operation through natural or forced circulation, ensuring thermal stability, and it electrically insulates the windings to prevent short circuits. These transformers are widely employed in power distribution networks, industrial facilities, and renewable energy systems due to their high efficiency, durability, and ability to handle high voltage levels (up to hundreds of kV). Key advantages include robust overload capacity, extended service life, and cost-effectiveness for large-scale applications. However, they require regular maintenance (e.g., oil testing, leakage checks) and pose environmental considerations due to oil flammability and disposal requirements. Modern designs incorporate features like sealed tanks, conservators, and advanced filtration systems to enhance safety and performance. Oil-immersed transformers remain a cornerstone of electrical infrastructure globally, balancing reliability with operational versatility.
